MPSC Chemistry Syllabus 2024

• The uncertainty principle of Heisenberg Time-independent Schrodinger wave equation
• Wave function interpretation; one-dimensional particle in a box
• Quantum numbers
• Wave functions of hydrogen atoms; orbitals’ shapes in s, p, and d.

Chemical bonding:

• Polarity of bonds in molecules and their dipole moments; covalent bond and its general properties
• ionic bond, properties of ionic compounds, lattice energy, Born-Haber cycle
• Theory of valence bonds, resonance, and resonance energy concepts; bonding H2 +, H2 He2 + to Ne2, NO, CO, HF, CN–, and molecular orbital theory (LCAO technique)
• Bond order, bond strength, bond length, and valence bond and molecular orbital theories are compared.

Solid State:

• Crystal systems in a solid state; identification of unit cell
• Lattice structures, and crystal faces; Bragg’s Law crystal diffraction of X-rays
• Radius ratio guidelines, close packing, and the computation of some limiting

The Transport Phenomenon and Gaseous State

• State equation for actual gases, intermolecular forces, critical events, and gas liquefaction
• Maxwell’s distribution of velocity, effusion, wall-collisions, and intermolecular collisions.
• The ideal gases’ viscosity and thermal conductivity.

Liquid State

• Kelvin equation for liquid states Interfacial tension, surface tension and surface energy, capillary action, wetting and contact angle.

Thermodynamics

• First law of thermodynamics; work, heat, and internal energy. The second law of thermodynamics
• Free energy functions; entropy as a state function; entropy changes in different processes
• Entropy-reversibility and irreversibility; Thermodynamic state equation Maxwell connections.
• The temperature

Phase Equilibria and Solutions

• The partial molar quantities, their significance and determination; the excess thermodynamic functions and their determination
• The Causius-Clapeyron equation; the phase diagram for a pure substance; phase equilibria in binary systems; partially miscible liquids—upper and lower critical solution temperatures.

Electrochemistry

• Debye-Huckel limiting law and theory of strong electrolytes for different equilibrium and transport properties are two aspects of electrochemistry.
• Electrochemical series, fuel cells, batteries, galvanic cells, concentration cells, and cell e.m.f. Measurement.
• Processes occurring at the electrodes; the double layer at the interface; the rate of charge transfer; the current density; the overpotential; the use of ion selective electrodes and amperometry; and electroanalytical procedures.

Kinetics of Chemicals

• Rate equations incorporating reverse, parallel, sequential, and chain reactions
• Differential and integral rate equations for zeroth, first, second, and fractional order reactions; Branching chain and explosions
• Effect of temperature and pressure on rate constant. Investigation of quick reactions using relaxation and stop-flow techniques. Transition state theories and collisions.

Photochemistry

• Photochemistry is the study of light absorption, and various pathways for excited state decay
• The quantum yields of photochemical reactions between halogens and hydrogen.

Surface Phenomena and Catalysis

• Langmuir and B.E.T. adsorption isotherms; adsorption from gases and liquids on solid adsorbents
• Assessment of surface area, properties, and reaction mechanism on heterogeneous catalysts.

(i) Reaction mechanisms: General techniques for studying organic reaction mechanisms, including kinetic and non-kinetic approaches, include isotopes, method cross-over experiments, intermediate trapping, stereochemistry, activation energy, thermodynamic control, and kinetic control.

(ii) Reactive intermediates: formation, structure, stability, and interactions between free radicals, carbenes, benzynes, nitrenes, and carbonium ions and carbanions.

(iii) Substitution reactions: SN 1, SN 2, and SN I; adjacent group involvement; aromatic compound electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions, including heterocyclic compound reactions involving pyrrole, furan, thiophene, and indole.

(iv) Elimination reactions: acetate pyrolysis, Chugaev and Cope eliminations; Saytzeff and Hoffmann orientation in E2 processes; E1, E2, and E1cb mechanisms.

v) Addition reactions: nucleophilic addition to C=O, C=N, conjugated olefins, and carbonyls; electrophilic addition to C=C and C≡C.

(vi) Responses and Modifications:

(a) Rearrangements of Wagner—Meerwein, Hoffmann, Beckmann, Baeyer-Villiger, Favorskii, Fries, Claisen, Cope, Stevens, and Pinacol-pinacolone.

(b) Benzoin, acyloin, and Stobbe condensations; Fischer indole synthesis, Skraup synthesis, Bischler-Napieralski, Sandmeyer, Reimer-Tiemann, and Reformatsky reactions; Aldol condensation, Claisen condensation, Dieckmann, Perkin, Knoevenagel, Witting, Clemmensen, Wolff-Kishner, Cannizzaro, and von Richter reactions.

Examples and ification of pericyclic reactions The FMO method, sigmatropic shifts [1, 3; 3, 3 and 1, 5], electrocyclic processes, and cycloaddition reactions [2+2 and 4+2] are all governed by the Woodward-Hoffmann principles.

(i) Polymer preparation and properties: polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, teflon, nylon, terylene, and synthetic and natural rubber are examples of organic polymers. (ii) Biopolymers: Protein, DNA, and RNA structures.

OsO4, HlO4, CrO3, Pb(OAc)4, SeO2, NBS, B2H6, Na-Liquid NH3, LiAIH4, NaBH4, n-BuLi, and MCPBA are examples of synthetic reagent uses.

Simple organic compound excited and ground states, singlet and triplet states, and Norrish-Type I and Type II reactions are all examples of photochemistry.

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Topic No.(6) X level

Topic No. (7) X/XII level